Course Content
ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE 🇺🇸
1 Present and past
1 Present continuous (I am doing) 2 Present simple (I do) 3 Present continuous and present simple 1 (I am doing and I do) 4 Present continuous and present simple 2 (I am doing and I do) 5 Past simple (I did) 6 Past continuous (I was doing)
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2 Present perfect and past
7 Present perfect 1 (I have done) 8 Present perfect 2 (I have done) 9 Present perfect continuous (I have been doing) 10 Present perfect continuous and simple (I have been doing and I have done) 11 how long have you (been) … ? 12 for and since when … ? and how long … ? 13 Present perfect and past 1 (I have done and I did) 14 Present perfect and past 2 (I have done and I did) 15 Past perfect (I had done) 16 Past perfect continuous (I had been doing) 17 have and have got 18 used to (do)
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3 Future
19 Present tenses (I am doing / I do) for the future 20 I’m going to (do) 21 will and shall 1 22 will and shall 2 23 I will and I’m going to 24 will be doing and will have done 25 when I do and when I’ve done if and when
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4 Modals
26 can, could and (be) able to 27 could (do) and could have (done) 28 must and can’t 29 may and might 1 30 may and might 2 31 have to and must 32 must mustn’t needn’t 33 should 1 34 should 2 35 I’d better … it’s time … 36 would 37 can/could/would you … ? etc. (Requests, offers, permission and invitations)
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9 -ing and to …
53 Verb + -ing (enjoy doing / stop doing etc.) 54 Verb + to … (decide to … / forget to … etc.) 55 Verb (+ object) + to … (I want you to …) 56 Verb + -ing or to … 1 (remember, regret etc.) 57 Verb + -ing or to … 2 (try, need, help) 58 Verb + -ing or to … 3 (like / would like etc.) 59 prefer and would rather 60 Preposition (in/for/about etc.) + -ing 61 be/get used to … (I’m used to …) 62 Verb + preposition + -ing (succeed in -ing / insist on -ing etc.) 63 there’s no point in -ing, it’s worth -ing etc. 64 to … , for … and so that … 65 Adjective + to … 66 to … (afraid to do) and preposition + -ing (afraid of -ing) 67 see somebody do and see somebody doing 68 -ing clauses (He hurt his knee playing football.)
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11 Pronouns and determiners
82 myself/yourself/themselves etc. 83 a friend of mine my own house on my own / by myself 84 there … and it … 85 some and any 86 no/none/any nothing/nobody etc. 87 much, many, little, few, a lot, plenty 88 all / all of most / most of no / none of etc. 89 both / both of neither / neither of either / either of 90 all every whole 91 each and every
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12 Relative clauses
92 Relative clauses 1: clauses with who/that/which 93 Relative clauses 2: clauses with and without who/that/which 94 Relative clauses 3: whose/whom/where 95 Relative clauses 4: extra information clauses (1) 96 Relative clauses 5: extra information clauses (2) 97 -ing and -ed clauses (the woman talking to Tom, the boy injured in the accident)
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13 Adjectives and adverbs (copy)
98 Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed (boring/bored etc.) 99 Adjectives: a nice new house, you look tired 100 Adjectives and adverbs 1 (quick/quickly) 101 Adjectives and adverbs 2 (well, fast, late, hard/hardly) 102 so and such 103 enough and too 104 quite, pretty, rather and fairly 105 Comparative 1 (cheaper, more expensive etc.) 106 Comparative 2 (much better / any better etc.) 107 Comparative 3 (as … as / than) 108 Superlative (the longest, the most enjoyable etc.) 109 Word order 1: verb + object; place and time 110 Word order 2: adverbs with the verb 111 still any more yet already 112 even
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13 Adjectives and adverbs
98 Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed (boring/bored etc.) 99 Adjectives: a nice new house, you look tired 100 Adjectives and adverbs 1 (quick/quickly) 101 Adjectives and adverbs 2 (well, fast, late, hard/hardly) 102 so and such 103 enough and too 104 quite, pretty, rather and fairly 105 Comparative 1 (cheaper, more expensive etc.) 106 Comparative 2 (much better / any better etc.) 107 Comparative 3 (as … as / than) 108 Superlative (the longest, the most enjoyable etc.) 109 Word order 1: verb + object; place and time 110 Word order 2: adverbs with the verb 111 still any more yet already 112 even
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14 Conjunctions and prepositions
113 although though even though in spite of despite 114 in case 115 unless as long as provided 116 as (as I walked … / as I was … etc.) 117 like and as 118 like as if 119 during for while 120 by and until by the time …
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15 Prepositions
121 at/on/in (time) 122 on time and in time at the end and in the end 123 in/at/on (position) 1 124 in/at/on (position) 2 125 in/at/on (position) 3 126 to, at, in and into 127 in/on/at (other uses) 128 by 129 Noun + preposition (reason for, cause of etc.) 130 Adjective + preposition 1 131 Adjective + preposition 2 132 Verb + preposition 1 to and at 133 Verb + preposition 2 about/for/of/after 134 Verb + preposition 3 about and of 135 Verb + preposition 4 of/for/from/on 136 Verb + preposition 5 in/into/with/to/on
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16 Phrasal verbs
137 Phrasal verbs 1 Introduction 138 Phrasal verbs 2 in/out 139 Phrasal verbs 3 out 140 Phrasal verbs 4 on/off (1) 141 Phrasal verbs 5 on/off (2) 142 Phrasal verbs 6 up/down 143 Phrasal verbs 7 up (1) 144 Phrasal verbs 8 up (2) 145 Phrasal verbs 9 away/back
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Prepositions
121 at/on/in (time) 122 on time and in time at the end and in the end 123 in/at/on (position) 1 124 in/at/on (position) 2 125 in/at/on (position) 3 126 to, at, in and into 127 in/on/at (other uses) 128 by 129 Noun + preposition (reason for, cause of etc.) 130 Adjective + preposition 1 131 Adjective + preposition 2 132 Verb + preposition 1 to and at 133 Verb + preposition 2 about/for/of/after 134 Verb + preposition 3 about and of 135 Verb + preposition 4 of/for/from/on 136 Verb + preposition 5 in/into/with/to/on
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Phrasal verbs
137 Phrasal verbs 1 Introduction 138 Phrasal verbs 2 in/out 139 Phrasal verbs 3 out 140 Phrasal verbs 4 on/off (1) 141 Phrasal verbs 5 on/off (2) 142 Phrasal verbs 6 up/down 143 Phrasal verbs 7 up (1) 144 Phrasal verbs 8 up (2) 145 Phrasal verbs 9 away/back
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Laugh & Learn: Quick English Bytes
Dive into our fun and engaging Laugh & Learn: Quick English Bytes series! These bite-sized videos, inspired by popular shows like The Office, are less than 5 minutes long and packed with humor to make learning English enjoyable. After each video, test your comprehension with interactive questions designed to evaluate your listening skills and understanding of everyday expressions. Perfect for improving your English while having a laugh!
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Irregular Verbs
This topic focuses on mastering irregular verbs in English. Irregular verbs do not follow standard conjugation patterns, making them essential to learn for effective communication. In this module, students will: Explore common irregular verbs and their forms (base form, past simple, past participle). Understand how to use irregular verbs in sentences across various tenses. Practice through interactive quizzes, engaging exercises, and assignments that reinforce proper usage in real-world contexts. By the end of this topic, students will gain confidence in recognizing and applying irregular verbs, improving both their spoken and written English.
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Recording
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92 Summer Days in English
Homework Heroes Program (Level A2/B1)

Unit 27: Could (Do) and Could Have (Done)


A. Використання “could”

1. “Could” як минулий час від “can”

“Could” іноді є формою минулого часу від can.

Приклади:

  • Listen! I can hear something now.
    (Слухай! Я зараз щось чую.)
    I listened. I could hear something.
    (Я слухав(-ла). Я міг(-ла) щось чути.)

2. “Could” для можливих дій зараз або в майбутньому

“Could” використовується для пропозицій або можливих дій, які можна зробити.

Приклади:

  • What shall we do tonight? We could go to the cinema.
    (Що ми робитимемо сьогодні ввечері? Ми могли б піти в кіно.)
  • When you go to Paris next month, you could stay with Sarah.
    (Коли ти поїдеш у Париж наступного місяця, ти міг(-ла) б залишитися у Сари.)

Примітка:

  • Can також можливе, але could звучить менш впевнено.
    We can go to the cinema. (Ми можемо піти в кіно.)
    We could go to the cinema. (Ми могли б піти в кіно.)

3. “Could” для нереалістичних або гіперболічних дій

“Could” використовується для вираження нереалістичних дій або перебільшення.

Приклади:

  • I’m so tired, I could sleep for a week.
    (Я такий(-а) втомлений(-а), що міг(-ла) б спати цілий тиждень.)
    Не кажемо: I can sleep for a week.
  • This is a wonderful place. I could stay here forever.
    (Це чудове місце. Я міг(-ла) б залишитися тут назавжди.)

4. “Could” для можливостей зараз або в майбутньому

Приклади:

  • The story could be true, but I don’t think it is.
    (Історія могла б бути правдивою, але я не думаю, що це так.)
  • I don’t know what time Lisa is coming. She could get here at any time.
    (Я не знаю, коли прийде Ліза. Вона могла б прийти в будь-який момент.)

B. Порівняння “can” і “could”

“Can” (реалістичні можливості) “Could” (менш впевнені можливості)
I can stay with Sarah when I go to Paris. Maybe I could stay with Sarah when I go to Paris.
(Я можу залишитися у Сари, коли поїду в Париж.) (Можливо, я міг(-ла) б залишитися у Сари, коли поїду в Париж.)

“Can” (загальні можливості) “Could” (можливості зараз або в майбутньому)
The weather can change very quickly in the mountains. The weather is nice now, but it could change later.
(Погода в горах може змінюватися дуже швидко.) (Погода зараз гарна, але вона може змінитися пізніше.)

C. Використання “could have (done)”

1. Що означає “could have (done)”?

“Could have (done)” використовується для опису можливостей у минулому, які не відбулися.

Приклади:

  • I was so tired, I could have slept for a week.
    (Я був(-ла) такий(-а) втомлений(-а), що міг(-ла) б спати цілий тиждень.)
  • The situation was bad, but it could have been worse.
    (Ситуація була поганою, але могла б бути ще гіршою.)

2. Можливості, які не реалізувалися

Приклади:

  • Why did you stay at a hotel? You could have stayed with me.
    (Чому ти залишився(-лася) в готелі? Ти міг(-ла) б залишитися у мене.)
  • David was lucky. He could have hurt himself when he fell, but he’s all right.
    (Девіду пощастило. Він міг би травмуватися, коли впав, але з ним усе гаразд.)

D. Використання “couldn’t”

1. Негативні можливості зараз

Приклади:

  • I couldn’t live in a big city. I’d hate it.
    (Я не зміг(-ла) б жити у великому місті. Мені б це не сподобалося.)
  • Everything is fine right now. Things couldn’t be better.
    (Зараз усе добре. Краще і бути не може.)

2. Негативні можливості в минулому

Приклади:

  • We had a really good holiday. It couldn’t have been better.
    (У нас була чудова відпустка. Краще і бути не могло.)

E. Таблиця для швидкого порівняння

Форма Значення Приклад
Could Можливість зараз або в майбутньому She could arrive at any time. (Вона могла б приїхати в будь-який момент.)
Could have (done) Можливість у минулому, яка не відбулася You could have called me. (Ти міг(-ла) б зателефонувати мені.)
Couldn’t Неможливість зараз або в минулому I couldn’t find my keys. (Я не міг(-ла) знайти свої ключі.)

F. Глосарій ключових термінів

Термін Пояснення українською
Could Вираз можливості або здібності в минулому, а також менш впевнені можливості зараз чи в майбутньому.
Could have (done) Вираз можливості в минулому, яка не реалізувалася.
Couldn’t Вираз неможливості зараз або в минулому.
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