Course Content
ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE 🇺🇸
1 Present and past
1 Present continuous (I am doing) 2 Present simple (I do) 3 Present continuous and present simple 1 (I am doing and I do) 4 Present continuous and present simple 2 (I am doing and I do) 5 Past simple (I did) 6 Past continuous (I was doing)
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2 Present perfect and past
7 Present perfect 1 (I have done) 8 Present perfect 2 (I have done) 9 Present perfect continuous (I have been doing) 10 Present perfect continuous and simple (I have been doing and I have done) 11 how long have you (been) … ? 12 for and since when … ? and how long … ? 13 Present perfect and past 1 (I have done and I did) 14 Present perfect and past 2 (I have done and I did) 15 Past perfect (I had done) 16 Past perfect continuous (I had been doing) 17 have and have got 18 used to (do)
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3 Future
19 Present tenses (I am doing / I do) for the future 20 I’m going to (do) 21 will and shall 1 22 will and shall 2 23 I will and I’m going to 24 will be doing and will have done 25 when I do and when I’ve done if and when
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4 Modals
26 can, could and (be) able to 27 could (do) and could have (done) 28 must and can’t 29 may and might 1 30 may and might 2 31 have to and must 32 must mustn’t needn’t 33 should 1 34 should 2 35 I’d better … it’s time … 36 would 37 can/could/would you … ? etc. (Requests, offers, permission and invitations)
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9 -ing and to …
53 Verb + -ing (enjoy doing / stop doing etc.) 54 Verb + to … (decide to … / forget to … etc.) 55 Verb (+ object) + to … (I want you to …) 56 Verb + -ing or to … 1 (remember, regret etc.) 57 Verb + -ing or to … 2 (try, need, help) 58 Verb + -ing or to … 3 (like / would like etc.) 59 prefer and would rather 60 Preposition (in/for/about etc.) + -ing 61 be/get used to … (I’m used to …) 62 Verb + preposition + -ing (succeed in -ing / insist on -ing etc.) 63 there’s no point in -ing, it’s worth -ing etc. 64 to … , for … and so that … 65 Adjective + to … 66 to … (afraid to do) and preposition + -ing (afraid of -ing) 67 see somebody do and see somebody doing 68 -ing clauses (He hurt his knee playing football.)
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11 Pronouns and determiners
82 myself/yourself/themselves etc. 83 a friend of mine my own house on my own / by myself 84 there … and it … 85 some and any 86 no/none/any nothing/nobody etc. 87 much, many, little, few, a lot, plenty 88 all / all of most / most of no / none of etc. 89 both / both of neither / neither of either / either of 90 all every whole 91 each and every
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12 Relative clauses
92 Relative clauses 1: clauses with who/that/which 93 Relative clauses 2: clauses with and without who/that/which 94 Relative clauses 3: whose/whom/where 95 Relative clauses 4: extra information clauses (1) 96 Relative clauses 5: extra information clauses (2) 97 -ing and -ed clauses (the woman talking to Tom, the boy injured in the accident)
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13 Adjectives and adverbs (copy)
98 Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed (boring/bored etc.) 99 Adjectives: a nice new house, you look tired 100 Adjectives and adverbs 1 (quick/quickly) 101 Adjectives and adverbs 2 (well, fast, late, hard/hardly) 102 so and such 103 enough and too 104 quite, pretty, rather and fairly 105 Comparative 1 (cheaper, more expensive etc.) 106 Comparative 2 (much better / any better etc.) 107 Comparative 3 (as … as / than) 108 Superlative (the longest, the most enjoyable etc.) 109 Word order 1: verb + object; place and time 110 Word order 2: adverbs with the verb 111 still any more yet already 112 even
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13 Adjectives and adverbs
98 Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed (boring/bored etc.) 99 Adjectives: a nice new house, you look tired 100 Adjectives and adverbs 1 (quick/quickly) 101 Adjectives and adverbs 2 (well, fast, late, hard/hardly) 102 so and such 103 enough and too 104 quite, pretty, rather and fairly 105 Comparative 1 (cheaper, more expensive etc.) 106 Comparative 2 (much better / any better etc.) 107 Comparative 3 (as … as / than) 108 Superlative (the longest, the most enjoyable etc.) 109 Word order 1: verb + object; place and time 110 Word order 2: adverbs with the verb 111 still any more yet already 112 even
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14 Conjunctions and prepositions
113 although though even though in spite of despite 114 in case 115 unless as long as provided 116 as (as I walked … / as I was … etc.) 117 like and as 118 like as if 119 during for while 120 by and until by the time …
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15 Prepositions
121 at/on/in (time) 122 on time and in time at the end and in the end 123 in/at/on (position) 1 124 in/at/on (position) 2 125 in/at/on (position) 3 126 to, at, in and into 127 in/on/at (other uses) 128 by 129 Noun + preposition (reason for, cause of etc.) 130 Adjective + preposition 1 131 Adjective + preposition 2 132 Verb + preposition 1 to and at 133 Verb + preposition 2 about/for/of/after 134 Verb + preposition 3 about and of 135 Verb + preposition 4 of/for/from/on 136 Verb + preposition 5 in/into/with/to/on
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16 Phrasal verbs
137 Phrasal verbs 1 Introduction 138 Phrasal verbs 2 in/out 139 Phrasal verbs 3 out 140 Phrasal verbs 4 on/off (1) 141 Phrasal verbs 5 on/off (2) 142 Phrasal verbs 6 up/down 143 Phrasal verbs 7 up (1) 144 Phrasal verbs 8 up (2) 145 Phrasal verbs 9 away/back
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Prepositions
121 at/on/in (time) 122 on time and in time at the end and in the end 123 in/at/on (position) 1 124 in/at/on (position) 2 125 in/at/on (position) 3 126 to, at, in and into 127 in/on/at (other uses) 128 by 129 Noun + preposition (reason for, cause of etc.) 130 Adjective + preposition 1 131 Adjective + preposition 2 132 Verb + preposition 1 to and at 133 Verb + preposition 2 about/for/of/after 134 Verb + preposition 3 about and of 135 Verb + preposition 4 of/for/from/on 136 Verb + preposition 5 in/into/with/to/on
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Phrasal verbs
137 Phrasal verbs 1 Introduction 138 Phrasal verbs 2 in/out 139 Phrasal verbs 3 out 140 Phrasal verbs 4 on/off (1) 141 Phrasal verbs 5 on/off (2) 142 Phrasal verbs 6 up/down 143 Phrasal verbs 7 up (1) 144 Phrasal verbs 8 up (2) 145 Phrasal verbs 9 away/back
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Laugh & Learn: Quick English Bytes
Dive into our fun and engaging Laugh & Learn: Quick English Bytes series! These bite-sized videos, inspired by popular shows like The Office, are less than 5 minutes long and packed with humor to make learning English enjoyable. After each video, test your comprehension with interactive questions designed to evaluate your listening skills and understanding of everyday expressions. Perfect for improving your English while having a laugh!
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Irregular Verbs
This topic focuses on mastering irregular verbs in English. Irregular verbs do not follow standard conjugation patterns, making them essential to learn for effective communication. In this module, students will: Explore common irregular verbs and their forms (base form, past simple, past participle). Understand how to use irregular verbs in sentences across various tenses. Practice through interactive quizzes, engaging exercises, and assignments that reinforce proper usage in real-world contexts. By the end of this topic, students will gain confidence in recognizing and applying irregular verbs, improving both their spoken and written English.
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Recording
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92 Summer Days in English
Homework Heroes Program (Level A2/B1)

Unit 31: Have To and Must


A. Використання “have to”

1. “Have to” для вираження обов’язку

“Have to” використовується для вираження необхідності чи зобов’язання зробити щось.

Приклади:

  • You can’t turn right here. You have to turn left.
    (Тут не можна повертати праворуч. Ти повинен(-на) повернути ліворуч.)
  • I have to wear glasses for reading.
    (Мені потрібно носити окуляри для читання.)

2. Питання та заперечення з “do/does/did”

У теперішньому та минулому часі ми використовуємо do/does/did для питань і заперечень.

Приклади:

  • What do I have to do to get a new driving licence?
    (Що мені потрібно зробити, щоб отримати нове водійське посвідчення?)
  • Karen doesn’t have to work Saturdays.
    (Карен не потрібно працювати по суботах.)
  • Did you have to wait a long time for a bus?
    (Тобі довелося довго чекати на автобус?)

3. Інші форми “have to”

  • Майбутній час:
    I’ll have to buy a new computer.
    (Мені доведеться купити новий комп’ютер.)
  • Можливість:
    We might have to change our plans.
    (Можливо, нам доведеться змінити наші плани.)

B. Використання “must”

1. “Must” і “have to” у теперішньому часі

“Must” схожий за значенням до “have to” і може використовуватися для вираження зобов’язання чи необхідності.

Приклади:

  • It’s later than I thought. I must go.
    (Вже пізніше, ніж я думав(-ла). Я мушу йти.)
  • You must meet Mark. He’s a really nice person.
    (Ти мусиш познайомитися з Марком. Він дійсно приємна людина.)

2. Різниця між “must” і “have to”

  • “Have to” використовується для фактів або обов’язків:
    I have to work from 8:30 to 5:30 every day.
    (Я працюю з 8:30 до 17:30 щодня.)
  • “Must” частіше використовується для правил і інструкцій:
    Seat belts must be worn.
    (Ремені безпеки мають бути пристебнуті.)

C. Минуле час із “have to”

1. Використання “had to” для минулого

У минулому часі використовується “had to”, а не “must”.

Приклади:

  • I had to leave the meeting early yesterday.
    (Мені довелося залишити зустріч раніше вчора.)

D. “Mustn’t” і “Don’t have to”

1. “Mustn’t” для заборони

“Mustn’t” означає, що щось робити не можна.

Приклади:

  • You mustn’t tell anyone. It’s a secret.
    (Ти не повинен(-на) нікому казати. Це секрет.)
  • I mustn’t be late. I promised to be on time.
    (Я не можу спізнитися. Я обіцяв(-ла) бути вчасно.)

2. “Don’t have to” для відсутності необхідності

“Don’t have to” означає, що щось не є обов’язковим, але це можна зробити за бажанням.

Приклади:

  • You don’t have to come with me. I can go alone.
    (Тобі не обов’язково йти зі мною. Я можу піти сам(-а).)
  • I don’t have to be at the meeting, but I’m going anyway.
    (Мені не обов’язково бути на зустрічі, але я все одно піду.)

E. “Have got to”

1. Альтернатива до “have to”

“Have got to” може використовуватися замість “have to”.

Приклади:

  • I’ve got to work tomorrow.
    (Я мушу працювати завтра.)
  • When has Helen got to go?
    (Коли Хелен має йти?)

F. Таблиця для швидкого порівняння

Фраза Значення Приклад
Have to Виражає необхідність або зобов’язання. I have to wear glasses for reading.
Must Виражає необхідність або думку мовця. You must meet Mark.
Mustn’t Заборона. You mustn’t tell anyone.
Don’t have to Відсутність необхідності. You don’t have to come with me.
Had to Необхідність у минулому. I had to leave early yesterday.
Have got to Альтернатива “have to”. I’ve got to work tomorrow.

G. Глосарій ключових термінів

Термін Пояснення українською
Have to Виражає необхідність чи зобов’язання.
Must Виражає необхідність чи думку мовця.
Mustn’t Заборона.
Don’t have to Виражає відсутність необхідності.
Have got to Альтернативна форма для “have to”.
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