Unit 50: Questions 2 (do you know where…? / he asked me where…)
A. Зміна порядку слів у запитаннях
Коли запитання стає частиною більшого речення, порядок слів змінюється.
Приклади:
| Пряме питання | Питання у складному реченні |
|---|---|
| Where has Tom gone? | Do you know where Tom has gone? |
| What time is it? | Do you know what time it is? |
| Who are those people? | I don’t know who those people are. |
| Where can I find Louise? | Can you tell me where I can find Louise? |
| How much will it cost? | Do you have any idea how much it will cost? |
⚠ Важливо:
Не використовуйте do/does/did у частині запитання:
✅ Do you know what time the film starts?
❌ (Do you know what time does the film start?)
B. Якщо немає питального слова
Якщо у питанні немає слів what, why, where то використовуйте if або whether.
| Пряме питання | Питання у складному реченні |
|---|---|
| Did anybody see you? | I don’t know if anybody saw me. |
| Will she come to the party? | I wonder whether she will come to the party. |
C. Запитання у непрямій мові (Reported Speech)
Коли ми передаємо чиїсь слова в непрямій мові, порядок слів також змінюється.
| Пряма мова | Непряма мова (reported speech) |
|---|---|
| The police officer said, “Where are you going?” | The police officer asked where we were going. |
| Clare asked, “What time do the shops close?” | Clare wanted to know what time the shops closed. |
⚠ Зміна часу в непрямій мові:
- are → were
- do → did
- have been → had been
- did → had done
D. Інтерв’ю: приклади перетворення питань у непряму мову
Припустимо, ви були на співбесіді, і вас запитали:
| Пряме питання | Непряма мова (reported speech) |
|---|---|
| Are you willing to travel? | She asked if (or whether) I was willing to travel. |
| What do you do in your spare time? | She wanted to know what I did in my spare time. |
| How long have you been working in your present job? | She asked how long I had been working in my present job. |
| Why did you apply for the job? | She asked why I had applied for the job. |
| Can you speak any other languages? | She wanted to know if (or whether) I could speak any other languages. |
| Do you have a driving licence? | She asked if (or whether) I had a driving licence. |
Глосарій
| Термін | Пояснення українською |
|---|---|
| Direct speech | Пряма мова, дослівне цитування сказаного. |
| Reported speech | Непряма мова, передача змісту сказаного іншими словами. |
| Question word order | Порядок слів у питальному реченні. |